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春节，或稱华人新年，是專指華人的新年，亦即華夏傳統曆法农历的元旦，是中國與全世界各地漢族社會的傳統新年，又稱歲首、新春、正旦、正月朔日。口頭上亦稱為过新年、过年、度歲、慶新春、慶新歲，是華人四大節日之首。又有大年之稱，這是相對於小年的名稱。中國古時春節曾專指二十四節氣中的立春，也被視為一年的開始。辛亥革命後改為農曆正月初一開始為歲首。從明代開始，農曆新年節慶一般要到正月十五日（即元宵節）之後才正式結束，有些地方的新年慶祝活動甚至到整個正月結束為止。
官方名稱[编辑]
香港、澳門的官方名稱則是農曆新年。春節一詞，來源於1914年1月，在中华民国总统袁世凯主政期间，将格里高利历的1月1日定为新年元旦，改農曆正月初一为“春节”。[1][2] 中國古时春節曾專指二十四節氣中的立春。從明代開始，農曆新年節慶一般要到正月十五日（元宵節）之後才正式結束，有些地方的新年慶祝活動甚至到整個正月結束為止。
- 名称来历
春节，源于二十四节气，古人将黄道划分为12节（立春、惊蛰、清明、立夏、芒种、小暑、立秋、白露、寒露、立冬、大雪、小寒），12气（雨水、春分、谷雨、小满、夏至、大暑、处暑、秋分、霜降、小雪、冬至、大寒）。立春即“春节”开始，惊蛰即“春节”结束，立春-惊蛰，约30天（即寅月），寅月这30天即春节。黄道共12节，每节中间又有气，又划出12气。包含春节之中气雨水的月份称之为正月，正月初一的昨天定为“除夕”。因正月初一要看春节之中气雨水而定，故过年又称“春节”。迎春，春联，春卷皆来源于春节。包含春节之气雨水的月称之为正月，正月初一，定为“元旦”“元朔”或“年”。
- 天文含义
汉人将黄道（即地球公转一年）划分为四季，十二节，十二气，七十二候，统称“季节气候”，其中，寅月（立春-惊蛰）称为“春节”，巳月（立夏-芒种）称为“夏节”，申月（立秋-白露）称为“秋节”，亥月（立冬-大雪）称为“冬节”。寅卯辰（立春-立夏）称为春季，巳午未（立夏-立秋）称为夏季，申酉戌（立秋-立冬）称为秋季，亥子丑（立冬-立春）称为冬季。黄道如同十二节的竹子，立春-惊蛰是“春节”，这节竹子是确定正月初一的竹节，春节中间是雨水气，包含雨水的阴历月称之为“正月”，故过年必定在春节附近。正月初一定义为“年”、“年节”、“元旦”。
Spring Festival, or Chinese New Year, said, specifically refers to the Chinese New Year, that is the traditional Chinese lunar calendar New Year's Day, Chinese New Year is a traditional Han community and all over the world, also known as the beginning of the year, Chinese New Year, Zhengdan, Hatsumi the first month. New Year, also known as verbal, New Year, aged degrees, celebrate New Year, celebrate the New Year, it is the first Chinese festival four. It said another bumper year, which is small relative to the name of the year. Specifically refers to the ancient Chinese New Year had twenty-four solar terms in the beginning of spring, is also seen as the beginning of the year. After the Revolution began to lunar calendar beginning of the year. From the Ming Dynasty, the Lunar New Year festival generally to the days before the official end of the fifteenth day (ie, the Lantern Festival), the New Year celebrations in some places even to the end of the whole month so far.
Contents [hide]
1 official name
2 Historical Changes
2.1 Ancient
2.2 Legend Year
2.3 After the Republic of China
2.3.1 The government established the Northern Spring
2.3.2 States government has changed the Gregorian New Year Lunar New Year Ban
2.3.3 Cultural Revolution Year
2.3.4 Hong Kong and Macau
Small 3 years and Petani
4 Holiday Schedule
5 Custom
5.1 red
5.2 gift exchange
5.3 Market
5.4 New Year song
5.5 Clothing
5.6 Family Portrait
5.7 Food
5.8 Symbol
5.8.1 the word blessing
5.8.2 New Year
5.8.3 In Flower
5.8.4 couplets
5.9 spring
6 New Year customs area
6.1 China Mainland
6.1.1 Northern Region
6.1.2 non-Han regions
6.1.2.1 Yunnan Bai
6.1.2.2 northeast Oroqen practices
6.2 Hong Kong and Macau
6.3 Taiwan
6.4 Overseas Territories
6.4.1 Malaysia, Singapore
6.4.2 Indonesia
7 Literary Works
8 References
8.1 references
8.2 Books
9 External links
10 See also
The official name [edit]
The official name of the Hong Kong and Macao is the Lunar New Year. Spring term from January 1914, the President of the Republic of China during the Yuan in power, the Gregorian calendar on January 1 as New Year's Day, the first lunar month changed to "Spring Festival." [1] [2] In ancient China, Spring Festival has specifically refers to round solar terms in the beginning of spring. From the Ming Dynasty, the Lunar New Year festival generally to the days before the official end of the fifteenth day (Lantern Festival), the New Year celebrations in some places even to the end of the whole month so far.
Name origin
Spring Festival, from 24 solar terms, the ancients would ecliptic is divided into 12 (beginning of spring, Waking of Insects, Qingming, the beginning of summer, Grain in Ear, Slight Heat, the beginning of autumn, dew, dew, beginning of winter, snow, Osamu), 12 gas (rainwater, spring equinox, Guyu Xiaoman, the summer solstice, Great Heat, Chushu, autumnal equinox, frost, snow, winter solstice, Big Chill). That is the beginning of spring, "Spring Festival" began, Jingzhe namely "Spring Festival" ended, the beginning of spring - Waking of Insects, about 30 days (ie Yin month), Yin month the 30 days or Spring Festival. Ecliptic total of 12 sections, each have intermediate gas, and 12 to draw air. Chinese New Year in January containing gas into the rain called the first month, the first day yesterday as a "New Year's Eve." Because the first day to look into the New Year gas rainwater may be, it is the Chinese New Year, also known as "Spring Festival." Spring Festival couplets, spring rolls are from the Spring Festival. Spring rain containing gas month called the first month, the first day, as the "New Year" "Shuo" or "on."
Astronomical Meaning
The Han Chinese ecliptic (the Earth revolution a year) is divided into four seasons, twelve, twelve gas, seventy-designate, collectively, the "seasonal climate," where Yin month (beginning of spring - the Awakening of Insects) known as "Spring Festival", Pat month (beginning of summer - Grain in Ear) called "summer Festival", Shen month (beginning of autumn - Towers) called "autumn Festival", Hai month (beginning of winter - the snow) as "winter Festival." Mao Yin Chen (beginning of spring - beginning of summer) called spring, Si Wu did not (beginning of summer - beginning of autumn) called summer, Xu Shen You (beginning of autumn - beginning of winter) is called the fall, Hai Zi Chou (beginning of winter - beginning of spring) called winter. Verse 12 zodiac as bamboo, the beginning of spring - Jingzhe is "Spring Festival", which is to determine the first day festival bamboo bamboo, Spring rain intermediate gas containing rainwater lunar month is called "Lantern", it must be in the New Year nearby Spring Festival. The first day is defined as the "year", "New Year", "New Year's Day."
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